Dubai has taken a big step toward making real-world asset (RWA) tokenization a regulated reality. The city’s Virtual Asset Regulatory Authority (VARA) has issued updated rules that now officially allow issuing and listing RWA tokens on secondary markets, a move that legal experts say could finally turn the long-hyped idea into a working market model.
Dubai’s ARVA Framework Explained
The newly updated Virtual Asset Issuance Rulebook, released on May 19, sets a clear legal path for tokenizing real-world assets like real estate, bonds, and other physical investments. Issuers and platforms now have until June 19 to fully comply with these changes.
According to Irina Heaver, a UAE-based crypto lawyer, these updates mark a key shift as issuing real-world asset tokens and listing them on secondary markets is no longer theoretical, it has become a regulatory reality in Dubai and the broader UAE market.
From STO Failures to RWA Success
Heaver compared RWAs to security token offerings (STOs), which tried to tokenize traditional securities but failed back in 2018–2019 due to a lack of regulatory clarity and trading infrastructure. This time, she believes Dubai is solving those issues upfront. RWAs in Dubai will be regulated as Asset-Referenced Virtual Assets (ARVA), and exchanges are now legally allowed to list and trade these tokens.
Unlike in other jurisdictions like Switzerland, where tokens can be issued but secondary trading remains murky, Dubai offers both issuance and trading under a well-defined regulatory umbrella.
License and Capital Requirements
To launch an ARVA token in Dubai, issuers must hold a Category 1 license, prepare a detailed white paper, and publish a risk disclosure statement. They also need to meet capital requirements, either 1.5 million AED (~$408,000) or 2% of reserve assets, and undergo monthly independent audits while staying under continuous regulatory supervision.
As Heaver puts it, Dubai’s approach is moving tokenization “from theory to execution.” With the legal groundwork in place, the UAE is shaping up to be a global hub for regulated real-world asset tokenization.
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FAQs
Dubai’s updated rulebook regulates RWAs as Asset-Referenced Virtual Assets (ARVA), providing a clear legal path for tokenizing assets like real estate and bonds, and allowing exchanges to list them.
Dubai’s new rules are moving RWA tokenization “from theory to execution,” positioning the UAE as a global hub for regulated real-world asset tokenization and modernizing investment.
